Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes
2022, Vol. 12, No. 2 e-ISSN: 1390-8146
Published by: Luis Vargas Torres Technical University
How to cite this article (APA
): Gómez, E. (2022) Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton
using computational tools, Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes, 12(2) 29-48.
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools
Eficiencia de la movilidad urbana del cantón La Troncal usando herramientas
computacionales
Erika Katherine Gomez Llerena
Eighth Cycle, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, San Pablo de La Troncal extension.
erika.gomez@est.ucacue.edu.ec, ORCID: 0000-0002-4134-9925
In this paper we describe the importance of computational tools
to optimize the efficiency of passenger mobility within an urban
network. The main objective is to identify the best route of the
urban network to mobilize passengers. For the study, as a
reference we took a single origin of the routes located at the
bus terminal in the center of the city. On the other hand, as a
destination we selected random locations in the six farthest
neighborhoods, where travel times are longer and more
significant. On the other hand, the means of urban transport
chosen were cabs and motorcycle cabs because they are more
in demand by travelers. The data used for development were
travel time, distance, fare, travel frequency and the latitude and
longitude coordinates of the origin and destinations. Among
the results, the most suitable routes to mobilize travelers were
identified. These routes were plotted on the respective maps of
the urban network to motivate the generation of public policies.
It was determined that the travel times calculated by the
computational algorithms differed from those obtained in the
direct surveys of drivers. These differences remain under
discussion if they are due to the poor state of the roads and
conditions of the means of transportation versus the criteria or
parameters with which we evaluated in the algorithms.
Abstract
Received 2021-11-11
Revised 2022-02-09
Accepted 2022- 04-01
Published 2022-05-04
Corresponding Author
Erika Katherine Gomez
Llerena
erika.gomez@est.ucacue.edu.ec,
Pages: 29-48
https://creativecommons.org/l
icenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Distributed under
Copyright: © The Author(s)
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2022/ , Vol. 12, No. 2
30
Keywords:
urban mobility, travel times, short routes, algorithms,
La Troncal.
Resumen
En este artículo describimos la importancia de las herramientas
computacionales para optimizar la eficiencia de la movilidad de
los viajeros dentro de una red urbana. El objetivo principal es
identificar la mejor ruta de la red urbana para movilizar a los
pasajeros. Para el estudio, como referencia tomamos un solo
origen de las rutas ubicado en el terminal de buses en el centro
de la ciudad. En cambio, como destino seleccionamos lugares
aleatorios de los seis barrios más alejados, donde, los tiempos
de viaje son mayores y más significativos. Por otro lado, los
medios de transporte urbano elegidos fueron taxis y mototaxis
por tener mayor demanda de los viajeros. Los datos utilizados
para desarrollo fueron, tiempo de viaje, distancia, tarifa,
frecuencia de viajes y las coordenadas de latitud y longitud del
origen y destinos. Dentro de los resultados se identificaron las
rutas más idóneas para movilizar a los viajeros. Estas rutas
trazamos en los respectivos mapas de la red urbana para
motivar a generar políticas públicas. Se determinó que los
tiempos de viaje calculados por los algoritmos computacionales
difieren de los levantados en las encuestas directas a los
conductores. Estas diferencias quedan en discusión si se debe
al mal estado de las vías y condiciones de los medios de
transporte contra los criterios o parámetros con que evaluamos
en los algoritmos.
Palabras clave:
movilidad urbana, tiempos de viaje, rutas cortas,
algoritmos, La Troncal.
Introduction
The study deals with the efficiency of urban mobility to improve
population accessibility. Taking into account that public
transportation is the main engine of mobility, being the most used by
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2022/ , Vol. 12, No. 2
31
citizens. Therefore, it is proposed to apply ICTs to achieve better
travel and reduce traffic congestion.
Urban mobility is an issue of importance, because currently due to
population growth, traffic in large cities has become chaotic.
According to a report presented by the UN, currently 54% of the
world's population lives in urban areas and it is considered that by the
year 2050, it will increase to 66% (United Nations, 2018)
Studies show that in Latin America and the Caribbean, 80% of the
population lives in urban areas, which do not have an efficient public
transportation service. (ECLAC, 2019)A clear example is Santiago de
Chile, 65% of citizens use public transportation for their mobility.
In Venezuela there is a high demand for public transportation to meet
the mobility needs of citizens, since 75% use this means of
transportation, something similar occurs in Peru, since 57% of people
use public transportation. (ECLAC, 2021)
In Ecuador, 73% of the population uses public transportation,
followed by Colombia with 66.5%, who use this type of transportation
as their main means of transportation According to the data indicated
above, public transportation is the most used in Latin American
countries, despite the fact that it has several drawbacks such as non-
compliance with schedules, long waiting time at stops, slow travel,
and lack of transportation in all areas of the cities, causing loss of time
for citizens in their travels.
For this reason, the use of ICT is proposed to maximize public
transportation service, since the use of technology can increase
operational efficiency, as well as the quality and safety of the service.
In this regard Finquelevich, and KIsilevsky (1996)state that ICTs play a
very important role in public transport management, since they
intervene efficiently between the vehicles and the control center in a
fast and safe manner.
Taking into account that urban mobility and population accessibility
are very important issues since people move from one place to
another, while accessibility refers to citizens seeking ease of access to
a certain place. For Bouskela, et al (2016)citizens increasingly feel the
need to move around, whether for work, study or commerce, so
accessibility to urban areas is becoming more and more important.
In many countries of the world, Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT) are used to relieve traffic congestion, so that
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
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32
people can reach their destination without delay. Therefore, the use
of ICT not only improves urban mobility, but also population
accessibility. The objective of using information and communication
technologies (ICT) is to reduce traffic, to make roads safer, and to
monitor the speed of vehicles by placing access control traffic lights
or highways.
In Ecuador, urban mobility in the main cities is a serious problem, due
to the increase of the population which has generated problems for
the displacement and the increase of time to move from one place to
another, since the vehicle traffic is excessive especially in rush hours.
Therefore, the use of technology is considered necessary to make
urban mobility more efficient, comfortable and safe for citizens to
reach their destinations. The research problem is to evaluate how
information technologies work to improve urban mobility in the
canton of La Troncal by applying geospatial data analysis through
computational tools?
Currently, due to population growth, traffic in large cities has become
a chaos, since public transportation is the main engine of mobility,
being the most used by citizens. Therefore, it is proposed to apply
ICT, to achieve a better displacement as well as to reduce traffic
congestion.
In Ecuador, the population uses public transportation as its main
means of transportation, despite the fact that these have several
drawbacks such as non-compliance with schedules, waiting time at
stops is high, the route is slow, there is no transportation in all areas
of the cities, causing loss of time for citizens in their travels.
For this reason, the use of ICT is proposed in order to maximize public
transportation service, since the use of technology can increase
operational efficiency, as well as the quality and safety of the service.
The study on the efficiency of urban mobility in the canton of La
Troncal using computational tools, aims to improve the public
transport service through the use of Information and Communication
Technologies ICT, for which sources from various authors will be
analyzed in order to make known their views on urban mobility,
centralized traffic control, route integration, traffic light management,
camera systems, congestion, vehicle flows and the use of
communication technology for traffic analysis of different types of
transport:
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
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Urban mobility is defined as the set of movements of people and
goods in different means of transportation, in an efficient and safe
manner. (Avelar, 2014)
In other words, urban mobility refers to the movement of people and
goods in an efficient and safe manner, which means that urban
mobility is a means that must guarantee the accessibility of citizens to
certain destinations. In this aspect, Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) plays a fundamental role because technology allows
public transportation to go to the place where this service is required.
Likewise, traffic lights are calculated in real time to decongest a road.
All these advantages mean that technology can be used to provide a
better public transportation service, since it can become an efficient,
comfortable and safe means of transportation for users to travel to
different parts of the city to carry out their activities.
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) allow the control
of traffic management in real time. This control consists of regulating
the routes of transportation units from a digital platform. The
centralized traffic control is previously programmed for each route,
from where it is possible to stop, back up, control speed and distance.
(Ochoa, 2015).
Route integration consists of creating matrices of real distances per
race, thus saving time to get to a certain place. In addition, it improves
the waiting time, improving the quality of the transportation service
and making the customer feel satisfied.
Among the advantages of route integration are:
Transportation arrival and departure schedules are adhered to
Improves the agility of the transport service
In route integration it is essential to have real-time traffic information,
this provides information about traffic jams, road works, accidents,
closed roads. All these factors must be taken into account with the
aim of avoiding blockage points to estimate arrival time (PTV Group,
2019)
From the traffic management center, the operator can manage the
mobility of public and private vehicles by regulating traffic lights in
real time, in order to adapt them to traffic conditions, modifying
phases, traffic light cycles and synchronization between intersections.
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
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The detectors are generally installed at key points on different streets,
as they can measure the intensity of traffic from the number of vehicles
passing over the detector. (SUMP, 2020)
Large cities have integrated cameras located in strategic places that
collect information through cameras that take pictures and videos of
the vehicles in transit, with this data it is possible to plan the traffic
and take other routes or avenues.
Congestion and vehicle flows are directly related to the start of school
and work activities, which occur around 7 - 9 in the morning and from
4 - 7 in the afternoon. Use of communication technology for vehicular
traffic analysis of different types of transportation.
Nowadays in digital cities communicational technology, offers a
number of advantages in vehicular transport networks of different
types of transport. Due to population growth, transportation has
become increasingly a problem for people to move from one place
to another. In this regard, Zárate et al, (2018) point out that nowadays
the distance separates the places where economic and social
activities are carried out. All this requires that people need more time
to move around, especially during rush hours. Therefore, the use of
Information and Communication Technologies is required to improve
the mobility of the different types of transportation.
The following is a description of the state of the art of the study on
urban mobility efficiency in La Troncal using computational tools. The
study used sources of scientific articles and journal publications
related to the topic of the study.
Arjona, García. (2018)conducted a study on new sources and
challenges for the study of urban mobility. The study highlights that,
in the 21st century, urban mobility is one of the greatest challenges
faced by large cities. In this sense, Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT) allow much more efficient travel, since they
improve the capacity of the transportation system by making a traffic
light calculate the real time to decongest a road. From the above, it
can be pointed out that ICTs are an excellent tool to offer citizens
mobility efficiency.
Mafla, Beltrán, Mora (2021)The study is a study on urban mobility
analysis in the city of Tulcán - Ecuador. The study highlights that
efficient urban mobility makes the city much more competitive.
However, to achieve this, the transportation system must have certain
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2022/ , Vol. 12, No. 2
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regulations to be accessible, safe and sufficient for its inhabitants. It
also points out that in this city, citizens use public transportation for
their mobility, followed by cabs and private transportation, to move
to their different activities.
Paredes, Berbey - Álvarez. (2018), conduct a study on the current
situation of the transportation system in the city of Quito, Ecuador: a
proposal for improvement. The study reveals the difficult mobility
situation that exists in the capital of Ecuador, especially during rush
hours (7 - 9 a.m.), (4 - 7 p.m.). These authors propose the application
of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to improve
urban mobility.
Methodology
For the study on the efficiency of urban mobility in the canton La
Troncal using computational tools, the quantitative type was used, in
which methods such as observation, critique and analysis and
interpretation of information were employed, for the main use of the
method of bibliographic review of primary and secondary sources,
since information will be sought from various sources such as articles
from duly authorized indexed journals and other documents. Authors
such as Hernández, Fernández and Baptista (2014)mention that
bibliographic research is characterized by the use of secondary data
as a source of information, the purpose of which is to find a solution
to the problems posed by means of a two-way analysis, in which data
that already exist and come from different sources are related.
Followed by the descriptive one, since it will allow a detailed
description of the study. In this regard Guevara, Verdesoto, and
Castro (2020) descriptive research allows to clearly describe each one
of the components of reality and to explain in a clear way, which are
the causal relationships that allow to approach a specific problem and
try to determine which are the causes that originate it. Such is the case
of the study on the efficiency of urban mobility in the canton of La
Troncal using computational tools, for which the serious mobility
problem that exists in the canton will be described.
On the other hand, field research was used to investigate, implement
and test methods used to reinforce the results and conclusions.
Finally, applied design was used because, once the aforementioned
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
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processes were continuously carried out, a prototype was evaluated
to demonstrate the final results.
Results
Applying the methodology described above, the different
neighborhoods of the canton were explored, where 6 of them were
considered, because they are densely populated and their roads are
not paved, so the analysis of routes was performed, where the number
of nodes, times, distances and representative routes of each
neighborhood were obtained, whose results are shown below.
La Troncal canton network with its 6 most important neighborhoods,
being the Santa Rosa neighborhood yellow, 2 de Octubre pink, 15
Hectarias green, Roberto Isaias red, Abdala Bucaram orange and
Martha de Roldos turquoise (See figure 1).
Figure 1:
Network of the canton La Troncal with its 6 neighborhoods
On the other hand, 3 sub-networks were extracted to represent each
of the neighborhoods such as: Santa Rosa, 2 de Octubre (See Figure
2), 15 Hectarias, Roberto Isaias (See Figure 3), Abdala Bucaram and
Martha de Roldos (See Figure 4).
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
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Figure 2:
Santa Rosa and 2 de Octubre Sub-network
Figure 3:
15 Hectare and Roberto Isaias Subnetwork
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
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Figure 4:
Abdala Bucaram and Martha de Roldos Sub-network
With the extraction of sub-networks, the number of nodes in each
neighborhood was determined, which allows calculating the time and
distance from the center of the canton to each of the different nodes.
In the Santa Rosa and 2 de Octubre neighborhoods, 61 nodes were
obtained, the minimum time was 1,683 minutes and the maximum
3,983 minutes, while the shortest distance was 1,106 km and the
longest 2,389 km. The average time was 3,157 minutes and the
distance was 1,902 km versus the reality, which was 3,536 minutes.
This large margin of error is due to the fact that this tool has a
deviation of 0.43; since it considers that the roads are in good
condition, however, the reality is different, since the roads are not
paved, which is why it takes longer and the distance is longer to get
to each place. In addition, the average cost per freight is $2.72 cents
(See Table 1).
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
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Table 1:
Times and distances from the center of the canton to each of
the nodes in the Santa Rosa and 2 de Octubre neighborhoods.
In the neighborhood 15 Hectarias and Roberto Isaias 148 nodes were
obtained, the minimum time was 2.466 minutes and the maximum 5
minutes, while its shortest distance is 1.056 km and the longest 2.349
km. The average time was 3,422 minutes and the distance was 1,741
N
O
TIEMPO
DISTANCIA
1
3.383
2.056
2
3.983
2.389
3
3.683
2.233
4
3.900
2.342
5
3.983
2.389
6
3.783
2.288
7
3.516
2.292
8
3.666
2.231
9
3.566
2.175
10
3.783
2.288
11
3.550
2.174
12
3.500
2.274
13
3.550
2.199
14
3.050
1.999
15
3.350
2.063
16
3.200
2.015
17
3.516
2.177
18
3.350
2.083
19
3.233
2.054
20
2.933
1.891
21
3.316
2.112
22
3.316
2.063
23
3.066
1.938
24
3.150
1.975
25
3.050
1.928
26
2.650
1.736
27
3.150
1.998
28
3.300
1.931
29
2.966
1.877
30
2.166
1.447
N
O
TIEMPO
DISTANCIA
31
2.916
1.813
32
2.416
1.624
33
2.983
1.885
34
2.016
1.348
35
2.916
1.817
36
2.700
1.706
37
2.800
1.755
38
1.683
1.106
39
2.350
1.551
40
2.083
1.395
41
2.783
1.761
42
2.366
1.578
43
2.650
1.646
44
2.250
1.361
45
2.183
1.483
46
2.683
1.695
47
2.116
1.432
48
2.133
1.152
49
2.366
1.492
50
2.316
1.526
51
2.433
1.576
52
2.200
1.302
53
2.450
1.586
54
2.300
1.448
55
2.266
1.473
56
2.066
1.177
57
2.033
1.217
58
2.066
1.245
59
1.916
1.251
60
2.400
1.531
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
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km versus the reality, which was 4,122 minutes. In addition, the
average cost per freight is $1.52 cents (See Table 2).
Table 2:
Times and distances from the center of the canton to each of
the nodes in the 15 Hectarias and Roberto Isaias neighborhoods.
In the Abdala Bucaram and Martha de Roldos neighborhood, 177
nodes were obtained, the minimum time was 1.011 minutes and the
maximum 9.95 minutes, while its shortest distance is 1.753 km and
the longest 5.211 km. The average time was 6,124 minutes and the
distance was 3,166 km versus the reality, which was 7,139 minutes. In
addition, the average cost per freight is $2.32 cents (See Table 3).
N
O
TIEMPO DISTANCIA
1 2.75 1.061
2 2.783 1.074
3 2.683 1.126
4 3.016 1.261
5 2.9 1.179
6 2.966 1.219
7 3.0 1.237
8 3.116 1.272
9 3.083 1.292
10 3.116 1.296
11 3.2 1.33
12 3.166 1.344
13 3.283 1.358
14 3.066 1.355
15 3.05 1.305
16 3.216 1.386
17 3.4 1.637
18 3.333 1.417
19 3.416 1.47
20 2.55 1.568
21 3.3 1.435
22 3.416 1.47
23 3.2 1.457
24 2.483 1.522
25 3.35 1.49
26 2.466 1.507
27 3.433 1.571
28 3.45 1.514
29 2.516 1.54
30 3.433 1.574
31 2.75 1.672
32 2.6 1.573
33 3.333 1.54
34 2.616 1.582
35 3.316 1.537
36 3.566 1.577
37 3.4 1.562
N
O
TIEMPO DISTANCIA
38 2.65 1.627
39 3.4 1.562
40 2.7 1.631
41 3.6 1.671
42 2.883 1.753
43 2.766 1.643
44 2.766 1.681
45 2.783 1.686
46 3.666 1.639
47 3.65 1.722
48 2.766 1.708
49 2.85 1.687
50 3.516 1.661
51 2.833 1.724
52 2.85 1.729
53 3.733 1.772
54 2.95 1.724
55 2.916 1.734
56 3.583 1.686
57 3.916 1.969
58 3.6 1.711
59 2.983 1.773
60 2.916 1.768
61 2.916 1.797
62 2.933 1.786
63 3.85 1.829
64 3.65 1.752
65 3.15 1.823
66 3.7 1.779
67 3.8 1.753
68 2.983 1.817
69 2.983 1.843
70 3.416 1.831
71 4.033 2.056
72 3.05 1.853
73 3.15 1.874
74 3.05 1.868
N
O
TIEMPO DIST ANCIA
75 3.016 1.887
76 3.2 1.902
77 3.116 1.914
78 3.2 1.926
79 3.083 1.935
80 3.966 1.899
81 5.0 2.174
82 3.416 1.951
83 3.2 1.964
84 3.4 1.943
85 4.083 1.954
86 3.366 1.997
87 3.683 2.174
88 3.25 2.007
89 3.45 2.107
90 3.566 2.086
91 3.8 2.301
92 3.75 2.257
93 3.65 2.206
94 3.566 2.159
95 3.516 2.11
96 3.45 2.063
97 3.883 1.847
98 4.1 2.016
99 3.566 2.177
100 3.766 2.266
101 3.866 2.185
102 4.083 2.234
103 4.55 2.222
104 3.966 1.951
105 4.666 2.213
106 2.766 1.056
107 2.833 1.084
108 4.316 1.952
109 4.65 2.029
110 4.783 2.104
111 4.283 2.349
N
O
TIEMPO DISTANCIA
112 4.15 2.262
113 3.933 2.222
114 3.966 2.222
115 3.616 1.65
116 3.716 1.72
117 3.783 1.779
118 3.883 1.851
119 2.933 1.167
120 3.0 1.233
121 3.016 1.241
122 3.8 1.82
123 3.883 1.887
124 3.6 1.994
125 3.45 2.045
126 3.466 2.082
127 3.6 2.129
128 3.583 2.139
129 2.8 1.065
130 2.883 1.128
131 2.95 1.18
132 3.033 1.24
133 3.116 1.295
134 3.2 1.346
135 3.383 1.637
136 3.383 1.637
137 3.916 1.869
138 4.733 2.088
139 4.483 2.009
140 4.183 2.279
141 4.1 2.307
142 4.6 2.139
143 4.45 2.089
144 4.133 2.027
145 4.216 1.959
146 4.183 1.887
147 3.466 1.566
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Table 3:
Times and distances from the center of the canton to each of
the nodes in the Abdala Bucaram and Martha de Roldos
neighborhoods.
In addition, 4 representative locations in each neighborhood were
considered to calculate the shortest route from the center of the
canton to each of these locations with their respective distances.
In the Santa Rosa neighborhood, we considered the court with its red
route and distance of 1.71 km, the park with green route and distance
of 1.44 km, Creaciones y reparaciones Manolo - Tienda de Muebles
with purple route and distance of 1.6 km, and the voli court with blue
route and distance of 1.55 km (see Figure 5).
N
O
TIEMPO DISTANCIA
1 7.0 3.552
2 6.55 3.335
3 7.066 3.607
4 5.016 2.603
5 6.55 3.337
6 7.133 3.662
7 4.933 2.532
8 6.3 3.227
9 6.55 3.337
10 5.983 3.095
11 4.983 2.579
12 5.95 3.079
13 6.55 3.338
14 5.05 2.63
15 6.3 3.229
16 5.8 3.15
17 4.95 2.47
18 5.116 2.68
19 4.65 2.307
20 6.3 3.23
21 5.033 2.522
22 5.8 3.15
23 5.166 2.735
24 4.55 2.25
25 4.666 2.358
26 5.683 3.081
27 4.9 2.679
28 5.8 3.15
29 4.983 2.678
30 4.45 2.189
31 5.35 2.823
32 4.9 2.622
33 4.466 2.239
34 4.783 2.566
35 5.233 2.779
36 4.8 2.564
37 5.483 2.966
38 4.166 2.063
39 4.633 2.497
40 4.716 2.507
41 5.566 2.912
42 5.1 2.721
N
O
TIEMPO DISTANCIA
43 5.4 2.914
44 4.583 2.449
45 4.25 2.119
46 4.616 2.451
47 5.283 2.863
48 5.3 2.87
49 5.083 2.681
50 3.966 1.958
51 3.933 1.944
52 4.333 2.168
53 5.283 2.821
54 5.283 2.816
55 4.866 2.632
56 4.4 2.216
57 4.033 2.004
58 3.783 1.869
59 5.05 2.769
60 5.033 2.764
61 3.733 1.83
62 4.883 2.587
63 3.716 1.819
64 4.116 2.054
65 4.683 2.493
66 4.283 2.264
67 4.983 2.719
68 4.983 2.721
69 3.85 1.883
70 3.6 1.753
71 4.283 2.201
72 4.766 2.544
73 4.416 2.315
74 5.066 2.671
75 3.933 1.934
76 4.15 2.15
77 4.5 2.365
78 4.9 2.616
79 4.1 2.084
80 4.55 2.42
81 4.283 2.205
82 4.0 2.034
83 4.383 2.256
84 3.883 1.977
N
O
TIEMPO DISTANCIA
85 4.333 2.296
86 4.066 2.133
87 4.166 2.191
88 4.333 2.144
89 4.1 2.094
90 4.0 2.041
91 4.15 2.153
92 4.283 2.265
93 4.516 2.397
94 3.866 1.966
95 4.516 2.395
96 4.533 2.409
97 4.116 2.177
98 4.65 2.44
99 4.166 2.195
100 4.316 2.287
101 8.783 4.505
102 9.366 4.789
103 7.4 3.877
104 9.95 5.108
105 9.933 5.104
106 7.2 3.693
107 8.166 4.193
108 8.433 4.325
109 8.683 4.455
110 8.95 4.583
111 9.2 4.711
112 9.2 4.713
113 8.95 4.583
114 8.683 4.453
115 8.433 4.324
116 8.166 4.194
117 7.4 3.789
118 7.9 4.063
119 7.083 3.636
120 9.2 4.713
121 9.783 5.015
122 8.016 4.118
123 8.166 4.194
124 8.433 4.324
125 8.683 4.453
126 8.95 4.584
N
O
TIEMPO DISTANCIA
127 9.6 4.917
128 9.583 4.911
129 7.4 3.877
130 8.416 4.323
131 8.683 4.453
132 9.766 5.008
133 8.95 4.584
134 8.95 4.583
135 8.95 4.583
136 1.013 5.211
137 1.011 5.202
138 8.683 4.454
139 8.683 4.452
140 8.683 4.455
141 8.416 4.322
142 8.433 4.325
143 8.433 4.325
144 7.083 3.636
145 7.4 3.877
146 8.166 4.193
147 6.95 3.509
148 7.35 3.707
149 7.6 3.835
150 6.983 3.541
151 7.4 3.877
152 8.0 4.184
153 7.35 3.773
154 7.1 3.635
155 7.083 3.575
156 7.2 3.706
157 8.1 4.271
158 7.883 4.088
159 7.6 3.896
160 7.5 3.852
161 7.466 3.816
162 4.3 2.127
163 4.083 2.013
164 4.916 2.633
165 4.5 2.389
166 4.866 2.604
167 5.3 2.791
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Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2022/ , Vol. 12, No. 2
42
Figure 5:
Routes of the 4 representative sites in the Santa Rosa
neighborhood
In the 2 de Octubre neighborhood, we considered the park with its
red route and distance of 2.04 km, the United Pentecostal Church of
Ecuador with its green route and distance of 2.19 km, the day care
center with its purple route and distance of 2.21 km, and the
Municipal Machinery Camp with its blue route and distance of 1.68
km (see Figure 6).
Figure 6:
Routes of the 4 representative sites in the 2 de Octubre
neighborhood
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Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2022/ , Vol. 12, No. 2
43
In the 15 Hectarias neighborhood, we considered the Ferreteria
Quinteros "FERREQUINTE S.A." with its red route and distance of
1.35 km, the Universidad Católica de Cuenca Sede San Pablo de la
Troncal with green route and distance of 1.59 km, the Siver Compu
Sistem with purple route and distance of 1.51 km and the National
Police District "LA TRONCAL" with blue route and distance of 1.45
km (See Figure 7).
Figure 7:
Routes of the 4 representative sites in the 15 Hectares
neighborhood
In the Roberto Isaias neighborhood, we considered the Mercedes
Church with its red route and distance of 1.87 km, the soccer field Km.
72 with green route and distance of 2.02 km, the volleyball field "El
Panita" with purple route and distance of 1.61 km and the Millennium
Educational Unit "Nela Martinez Espinosa" with blue route and
distance of 2.07 km (See Figure 8).
Efficiency of urban mobility in La Troncal canton using computational tools.
Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2022/ , Vol. 12, No. 2
44
Figure 8:
Routes of the 4 representative sites in the Roberto Isaias
neighborhood
In the Abdala Bucaram neighborhood, we considered the "Froilan
Octavio Navas Calle" Basic Education School with its red route and
distance of 1.78 km, the La Troncal Coliseum with green route and
distance of 2.5 km, the "Los Olivos" Clinical Laboratory-Branch with
purple route and distance of 1.94 km, and the Church of Christ with
blue route and distance of 2.6 km (see Figure 9).
Figure 9
: Routes of the 4 representative places of the Abdala Bucaram
neighborhood
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Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2022/ , Vol. 12, No. 2
45
In the Martha de Roldos neighborhood, we considered the Motocross
track with its red route and distance of 2.83 km, the park with green
route and distance of 2.73 km, the soccer field with purple route and
distance of 3.57 km, and the community house with blue route and
distance of 3.08 km (see Figure 10).
Figure 10:
Routes of the 4 representative sites in the Martha de Roldos
neighborhood
Throughout the study on the efficiency of urban mobility to improve
population accessibility, the importance of the implementation of
ICTs to improve urban mobility and population accessibility has been
made known. A state of the art was presented in which the opinion of
several authors was presented to show the problem of urban mobility.
For all these reasons, it is concluded that the implementation of ICT
to improve the efficiency of urban mobility is an excellent option
because these tools allow centralized traffic control, route integration,
traffic light management, and a camera system to monitor congestion
and vehicular flows.
Conclusions
The most salient point in this study is that achieving efficiency in the
use of existing urban networks to improve urban mobility is of interest
to large cities and a warning for small cities. The lack of a maintenance
plan for access roads to the most remote sectors of the city further
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Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2022/ , Vol. 12, No. 2
46
complicates motorized transport. Consequently, in this work we
identify the routes with the lowest time and distance costs in the urban
network to mobilize travelers.
We plotted these optimal routes on the georeferenced maps of the
urban network with the intention of motivating new public policies for
planning and maintenance. It was determined that the travel times
calculated by the computational algorithms differed from those
obtained in the direct surveys of drivers. These differences are under
discussion if they are due to the poor state of the roads and conditions
of the means of transport compared to the criteria and parameters
used to evaluate the algorithms.
Therefore, it is recommended to carry out future works that apply
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), in order to
improve urban mobility and therefore the population's accessibility.
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