Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes

2024, Vol. 14, No. 2 e-ISSN: 1390-8146

Published by: Universidad Técnica Luis Vargas Torres

How to cite this article (APA):

Pesanteez, J., Orellana, M. (2024) Comparison of efficiency, security

and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS, in network engineering environments,

Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes, 14(2) 42-62

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from

MikroTik and Cisco IOS, in network engineering environments

Comparativa de eficiencia, seguridad y estabilidad entre RouterOS de MikroTik y Cisco

IOS, en entornos de ingeniería en redes

Jaime Steven Pesantez Carcelén

Estudiante, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, jaimepesantez@ucacue.edu.ec, https://orcid.org/0009-

0001-7443-3787

Marcos Giovanny Orellana Parra

Msc, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, morellanap@ucacue.edu.ec, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2976-

316X

The comparative study between Cisco and MikroTik devices for

internet service providers (ISPs) in Ecuador sought to evaluate the

efficiency, security and stability of MikroTik's RouterOS and Cisco IOS

operating systems in network environments. A methodology

combining theoretical and exploratory analysis was employed, using

data from the ISP company "JEAPC". Aspects such as geography,

static and dynamic routing, IP address translation, Google Cache

network segregation and bandwidth limitation were evaluated.

JEAPC" was found to have a robust data transfer capacity, serving

2800 customers, mainly in the Triunfo-Troncal region. Significant

differences were identified between Cisco and MikroTik devices. For

example, the Cisco ASR920 showed routing versatility, but lacked IP

address translation and bandwidth limitation features for individual

clients. In contrast, the MikroTik CCR2004-16G stood out for its

routing stability, IP address translation capability and bandwidth

limitation at the client level, being scalable and efficient for medium-

Abstract

Received 2024-02-12

Revised 2024-05-14

Published 2024-05-01

Corresponding Author

Marcos Giovanny Orellana Parra

morellanap@ucacue.edu.ec

Pages: 42-62

https://creativecommons.org/lice

nses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Distributed under

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2024/ , Vol. 14, No. 2

sized environments. The findings highlighted the importance of

considering current needs and future scalability when choosing

between MikroTik and Cisco devices. MikroTik was identified as an

efficient solution, especially beneficial for businesses with tight

budgets and moderate growth, while Cisco was positioned as a solid

choice for businesses with ambitions for expansion. The right choice

will depend on the long-term strategy of each ISP in Ecuador.

Keywords:

Device comparison, Network efficiency, Strategic

equipment choice.

Resumen

El estudio comparativo entre dispositivos de Cisco y MikroTik para

proveedores de servicios de internet (ISP) en Ecuador buscó evaluar

la eficiencia, seguridad y estabilidad de los sistemas operativos

RouterOS de MikroTik y Cisco IOS en entornos de redes. Se empleó

una metodología que combinó análisis teóricos y exploratorios,

utilizando datos de la empresa ISP "JEAPC". Se evaluaron aspectos

como geografía, enrutamiento estático y dinámico, traducción de

direcciones IP, segregación de redes Google Cache y limitación de

ancho de banda. Se encontró que "JEAPC" tiene una sólida

capacidad de transferencia de datos, sirviendo a 2800 clientes,

principalmente en la región de Triunfo-Troncal. Se identificaron

diferencias significativas entre los dispositivos Cisco y MikroTik. Por

ejemplo, el Cisco ASR920 mostró versatilidad en enrutamiento, pero

carecía de funciones de traducción de direcciones IP y limitación de

ancho de banda para clientes individuales. En contraste, el MikroTik

CCR2004-16G sobresalió por su estabilidad de rutas, capacidad de

traducción de direcciones IP y limitación de ancho de banda a nivel

de cliente, siendo escalable y eficiente para entornos medianos. Las

conclusiones resaltaron la importancia de considerar las necesidades

actuales y la escalabilidad futura al elegir entre dispositivos MikroTik

y Cisco. MikroTik se identificó como una solución eficiente,

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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especialmente beneficiosa para empresas con presupuestos

ajustados y crecimiento moderado, mientras que Cisco se posicionó

como una opción sólida para empresas con ambiciones de expansión.

La elección adecuada dependerá de la estrategia a largo plazo de

cada ISP en Ecuador.

Palabras clave:

Comparativa de dispositivos, Eficiencia en redes,

Elección estratégica de equipos.

Introduction

The accelerated advancement of ICTs, further fuelled by the impact

of the pandemic, at the national level has led to a remarkable increase

in demand for internet services. This rapid growth has led the

country's internet service providers (ISPs), including ISP JEAPC, to

deploy network devices provided by two industry giants: MikroTik and

Cisco. The choice between these two manufacturers has been based

on economic considerations and the promise of efficient

performance, but despite the widespread adoption of MikroTik and

Cisco devices by ISPs, the comparative evaluation of the operating

systems embedded in these devices, in terms of efficiency, security

and stability, still lacks clarity. This lack of clarity drives the need for

an informed analysis that provides a detailed and comparative view

between MikroTik RouterOS and Cisco IOS. This research arises in

response to this need, seeking to fill the existing gap in technical and

strategic knowledge in ISP networks in Ecuador. The objective is to

enable ISPs to respond effectively to the growing demand for internet

services in the country, considering factors such as efficiency, security

and stability in the MikroTik and Cisco operating systems.

Network architecture represents the most cost-effective and efficient

way to conceive and implement a coherent set of products that can

be interconnected. It serves as the end-to-end design that ties

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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together protocols and other software, this strategy is advantageous

for both the customers using the network and the technology solution

and platform providers (Caiza Caizabuano, Tintín Perdomo , &

Caicedo Altamirano, 2018).

In a network architecture there is:

- Broad connectivity: A network, in its essence, must guarantee an

effective connection between any number of network entities, taking

into account the necessary degrees of protection.

- Resource sharing: Through network structures, it is possible to share

resources such as printers, databases and disk drives, which optimises

the network's operability in terms of cost and efficiency.

- Network management: The architecture defines the appropriate

permissions for the user to define, operate, modify, protect and

maintain the network.

For the purpose of singling out the numerous informational devices

in existence, the IP address, a numerical representation composed of

four sets of values, ranging from 0 to 255, is used.

The numerical label is uniquely assigned to each device, be it a

computer, smartphone or other connected element, thus enabling

efficient identification and location in the network.

. This IP address is configured as a 32-bit code, essential to facilitate

communication between two computer terminals or hosts within a

network. This mechanism, based on a unique numerical structure,

makes it possible to identify and establish connections between

devices in the vast digital landscape (GIL, 2017).

There are five different classes of IP addresses, each characterised by

the corresponding network configuration.

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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- Class A addresses: Identified by the first network bit at 0, with a

length of 8 bits for the network and 24 bits for the node address.

These addresses range from 0.0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255. Network

10 is reserved for internal networking in organisations, not visible on

the Internet.

- Class B addresses: Characterised by the first two network bits with

the sequence 10, with 16 bits in length for both the network and node

address, ranging from 128.0.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255.255.

Addresses in the range 172.16.0.0.0 to 172.31.0.0.0 are reserved for

private networks.

- Class C addresses: Distinguished by a 24-bit network field starting

with 110, with 8 corresponding bits, and addresses from

912.168.0.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 are reserved for hidden networks.

There are a total of 2,097,152 Class C networks.

- Class D addresses: Begin with the sequence 1110 and range from

244.0.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.255. These addresses, known as

"multicast", do not assign to individual nodes, but to groups of

nodes. They allow packets to be delivered to all members of the

group.

- Class E Addresses: Begin with the sequence 1111 and range from

240.0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255.255. Reserved by IANA, these

addresses are special, being assigned only 255.255.255.255.255 to

represent all machines connected to a physical medium (Corona,

2004).

Routers play a fundamental role in network configuration and

management, offering advanced functionalities such as Network

Address Translation (NAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT). These

methods allow bidirectional translation between official and private IP

addresses, transparently to end users. In addition to operating on

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

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routers, this configuration can be implemented on firewalls (security

systems that control network traffic), such as firehol (A configuration

interface for iptables on Linux systems), extending the address

mapping possibilities, for example, by converting the IP address

201.222.244.232 to private IP addresses such as 192.168.1.0.

Routers, in addition to facilitating connectivity, act as a firewall by

discarding potentially harmful network traffic. The configuration of

Access Control Lists (ACLs) on these devices allows for more precise

control over the flow of data.

These devices can also act as DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol) servers, allowing the dynamic assignment of IP addresses to

network devices.

Depending on the traffic handled, they are classified into core routers

and non-core or gateway routers. Core routers, operated by the

Internet Operation Center (IOC), connect local networks to the

Internet backbone, while non-core routers handle routing between

local networks. This segmentation allows for efficient organisation of

network traffic, ensuring seamless and secure connectivity (Maturel,

2013).

There are several types of networks, classified mainly by their scope

in terms of size and the number of devices they cover:

- LAN: Local Area Network, usually small networks such as home or

business networks, where each device is directly connected to each

other.

- WAN: Wide Area Network, covering national or even continental

networks, interconnecting entire countries.

- MAN: Metropolitan Area Network, larger than a LAN, covering a city

or a specific population (Valencia Ayala & Risueño Benítez, 2017).

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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Likewise, networks are also classified according to their physical

medium:

- Wired networks: They send information through the use of cables.

- Wireless networks: They use electromagnetic waves for the

transmission and reception of information.

- Mixed networks: Combine wired and wireless connections in

different network areas.

Fig. 1.

Network topology (Garcia Palma, 2018).

The TCP/IP transmission control protocol represents a hierarchical set

of protocols that facilitate effective communication between devices

in computer networks. It is composed of four main layers:

- The application layer: refers to the applications and services used by

end users, such as HTTP, web pages and SMTP.

- The transport layer: Ensures the correct delivery of data, ensuring

the integrity and reliability of the transmitted data. The TCP protocol

operates at this layer.

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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- The Internet layer: Facilitates the routing of data within the network,

identifying the most efficient route for packets of information to reach

their target.

- The Link layer: Allows the management of all the elements necessary

for an IP data packet to physically connect on the media (Hernández,

et al., 2017).

This model establishes the way in which data is transmitted, received

and managed through a network, ensuring the integrity and correct

transmission of information between connected systems on the

INTERNET.

The relevance of the IP protocol lies in its essential function at the

network level, where it adds a fundamental structure to the data

packet or datagram to enable its transit along the network to its final

destination. This process involves the packet passing through several

routers on its way, following the most efficient route. This identifier

element, known as the IP header, encapsulates crucial information,

including the source and destination IP addresses, among other

relevant data.

The importance of the IP protocol to the common user is manifested

in its ability to uniquely identify hosts on the network by IP addresses.

This mechanism makes it easier and faster to find and communicate

between devices on the network. It is essential to note that IP

addresses can be of IPv4 or IPv6 type (Castillo, 2020).

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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Fig. 2.

Layers of the TCP/IP model.

An ISP is an entity, either public or private, whose purpose is to offer

and market access to the internet network, serving both residential

and corporate customers. ISPs provide access to the internet using

various means of connection for end users. Among the most common

at the national level are xDSL technologies, which use conventional

telephone lines as a means of connection, and FTTH (Fiber to the

home), which uses fibre optics, has gained popularity in recent years

in the country due to its remarkable advantages in terms of peak

performance, availability and speed.

The main functions of an ISP include:

- Internet connection: Providing access to the internet network to

residential and corporate customers, ensuring a reliable and stable

connection.

- Service provisioning: Providing various services, such as data

connectivity, email, web hosting, among others, tailored to the needs

of users.

- Technical support: Providing technical assistance and support to

customers, solving connection problems and offering advice to

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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maximise the performance of the internet connection (Marcela,

Altamirano, González, & Alexander, 2018).

It is an operating system rooted in the Linux 2.6 kernel, it is used in

the MikroTik RouterBoard hardware, belonging to the MikroTik line of

branded hardware. Renowned for its easy-to-configure proprietary

system, these devices offer a remarkable cost/benefit ratio. Benefit.

The fascinating thing about RouterOS is its ability to be installed on a

computer, transforming it into a full-fledged router with functionalities

such as firewall, routing, wireless access point, bandwidth

management, VPN server and more (Llimpe & Tilio, 2019).

Fig. 3.

MikroTik x86 interface.

RouterOS features include:

Configuration methods.

- Local access via keyboard and monitor: Allows direct configuration

by connecting a keyboard and monitor to the device.

- Serial console and terminal: Access via a serial connection and

terminal for remote configuration.

Firewall.

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

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- Packet filtering and security: Implements security and controls data

flow.

- NAT access prevention: Prevents unauthorised access to directly

connected networks.

Routing.

- Static routes and dynamic protocols: Allows configuring static routes

and working with dynamic protocols for IPv4 (RIP v1 and v2, OSPF v2,

BGP v4) and IPv6 (RIPng, OSPFv3, BGP).

The IOS, known as the Network Interconnection Operating System, is

a Cisco Systems creation designed for the management and

programming of network devices, such as switches and routers. To

configure a Cisco switch or router, you need to access the device's

user interface using a terminal or remote connections such as telnet

or SSH. When logging into the device, it is necessary to authenticate

before executing any commands (Jimenez, 2017).

Fig. 4.

Cisco IOS configuration modes. (IT)

For security reasons, these devices have two levels of access to their

commands:

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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• User mode: intended for basic functions such as checking the

status of the equipment. In this level it is not allowed to alter

the device configuration.

• Privileged Mode: Reserved for tasks that involve modifying the

configuration of the equipment, in addition to the common

functions.

• The internal architecture of cisco routers/switches has crucial

components for the boot process, these components are:

- RAM/DRAM: This memory stores routing tables, ARP

and switching caches, in addition to managing the

packet queue. It also provides temporary memory for

configuration while the device is running.

- NVRAM: A non-volatile memory that stores a backup

copy of the router's startup configuration, its contents

are maintained even in the event of a power outage or

reboot.

- Flash: This reprogrammable memory retains an image

and the operating system code. It allows software

upgrades without replacing components and retains its

contents before power outages or reboots. It can also

store multiple versions of the operating system.

- ROM: Contains power-on diagnostics, the Bootstrap

program, and critical operating system software.

Upgrading the software in ROM requires replacing

chips in the CPU.

- Interfaces: These are the network connections, either

on the backplane or in separate modules, that manage

packets into and out of the device.

Cisco 4000 Routers belong to the Integrated Service Router (ISR)

category and are designed for enterprises with multiple branch offices

and remote sites. These routers excel in providing comprehensive

services through various cloud applications, mobile multimedia

devices. Their main function is to facilitate more efficient and direct

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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communication between branch offices and private cough centres, as

well as with public clouds through the use of VPN and internet

(Barrero Lasso, Cortes Muñoz, & Moya Correa, 2023).

The Cisco 4000 series offers higher bandwidth in a physically more

compact form factor. In addition, it incorporates advanced WAN

traffic management to adapt to new applications and usage patterns.

These routers also stand out for their performance-on-demand

capability and server consolidation, which contributes to a more

efficient and agile infrastructure.

The Cisco 4000 Series Routers incorporate the advanced Cisco IOS

XE software, which shares similarities with the operating system found

on the larger ASR 1000 Series platforms. While retaining the design

and user interface characteristic of traditional Cisco IOS, Cisco IOS XE

introduces the ability to leverage the efficient separation of the data

and control planes, allocating dedicated CPUs to services (IT).

For services such as CUBE, you experience significantly improved

stability without incurring additional per-port costs. Improved

performance without incurring additional per-port costs. Performance

remains robust in most typical branch office deployments, providing

performance on par with dedicated ICs on a reliable alternate

platform.

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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Fig. 4. cisco 4000 Router models. [12]

Cisco 4451-X ISR.

It is recommended as a natural evolution from the 3925E and 3945E

Routers. Offers 1 Gbps throughput, with an option to upgrade to 2

Gbps, in a 2RU form factor that includes three NIM slots and two slots

for enhanced service modules

- 10 cores in the data plane.

- Support for single- or double-wide Cisco UCS E-series.

- Control and service memory up to 16 GB.

Cisco 4431 ISR.

A suggested migration from the 9325 and 3945 Routers. Provides 500

Mbps throughput, with an option to upgrade to 1 Gbps, in a 1RU form

factor with three NIM slots.

• 4-core processor (one control core, and three

service processors).

• 6 cores in data plane.

• Up to 16GB of control and services memory.

Cisco 4351 ISR

It is designed to provide a robust, high-performance platform,

especially suitable for enterprise and service provider environments.

Key features and functions:

• Agility and Scalability: The ASR 4351 provides a modular and

scalable architecture, allowing additional modules to be

added to suit specific network needs.

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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• High Performance Processing: Equipped with a powerful

multicore processor, the router is capable of handling

intensive workloads and providing exceptional performance

for critical applications and services.

• Integrated Services: Offers a wide range of integrated

services, such as security services, application services and

advanced connectivity services, all on a single platform

(Cahuana, 2020).

Mikrotik RouterBOARD router

A series of router hardware manufactured by the Latvian company

MikroTik. These devices are designed to provide routing, security and

network management solutions.

Fig. 5.

MikroTik RouterBOARD models. [13]

Methodology

This research follows an exploratory and applicative approach. An

exploratory perspective is adopted by identifying and addressing the

existing gap in the technical and strategic knowledge of ISP networks

in Ecuador, in addition to carrying out a detailed analysis of the

equipment: "Cisco ASR920", "MIKROTIK CCR2004-16G", "MikroTik

CCR1036-12G" and thus having a deeper understanding. The

necessary data was collected through the ISP company "JEAPC".

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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The evaluation of geographical and routing parameters, such as static

and dynamic routing, IP address translation, Google Cache network

segregation, bandwidth limitation at the interface, as well as client

capacity, was carried out using specific measurements and indicators.

For example, the efficiency of route management, the effectiveness

of IP address translation, and the ability to control bandwidth both at

the interface level and for individual users were measured.

The applicability of this research lies in the delivery of a solution to

meet the identified need in the field of ISP networks in Ecuador. The

results provide an informed analysis that offers a detailed and

comparative view between MikroTik RouterOS and Cisco IOS,

enabling ISPs to make informed decisions to optimise their

infrastructures and address the growing demands for internet services

in the nation.

Results

The results obtained are as follows:

"JEAPC, has a total capacity of 6 Gigas, the company's infrastructure

ensures a solid data transfer capacity to meet the needs of its

customers. An interesting detail is the Google Cache of 2.5

Gigabytes, indicating that the company optimises the loading speed

of Google-related services. This suggests a strategy to improve the

browsing experience of its customers.

In terms of user base, JEAPC serves a number of 2800 customers. The

geography of operation, concentrated in the Triunfo - Troncal region,

suggests a strategic focus on specific areas. This may indicate a

specialised attention to the needs and demands of that particular

region.

It is evident that the Cisco ASR920 (equipment selected for

comparison) is used for the Triunfo-Troncal cantons, offering

outstanding versatility in terms of routing. Its ability to implement

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2024/ , Vol. 14, No. 2

both static and dynamic routing makes it a robust component to

adapt to different network needs.

This device, however, does not incorporate IP address translation

capabilities. On the other hand, it is notable for its network

segregation capability specifically designed for Google cache

optimisation. In terms of bandwidth management, the ASR920 has no

limiting functionalities on interfaces or for individual clients, allowing

for unrestricted data flow.

In terms of capacity, the ASR920 demonstrates its potential to

manage up to 2,800 clients, which can be critical in larger network

environments. In summary, the Cisco ASR920 stands as a solid choice

for efficient network management in the specific Triunfo-Troncal

location.

Shows that the equipment used strategically for the Triunfo canton,

the MikroTik CCR2004-16G distinguishes itself as a comprehensive

network solution. With a focus on route stability, this device is

especially adept at managing static routing, providing a solid

foundation for predictable network structures.

The IP address translation capability provides flexibility by enabling

dynamic address management in the network. This is combined with

the network segregation capability, designed to optimise Google's

cache efficiency and improve overall performance.In terms of

bandwidth, the MikroTik CCR2004-16G takes a balanced approach.

While dispensing with interface limitations to facilitate unrestricted

data flow, it provides the ability to limit bandwidth at the client level,

giving precise control over resource allocation. With an impressive

capacity to manage up to 1200 clients, the MikroTik CCR2004-16G

emerges as a scalable and efficient solution for medium-sized

environments, highlighting its suitability for professional networks in

Triumph.

It is evident that the IP address translation capability adds an

additional layer of versatility by allowing dynamic address

management in the network. The network segregation functionality,

specifically aimed at optimising Google's cache, highlights its

commitment to data management efficiency. In terms of bandwidth,

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

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the CCR1036-12G takes a balanced approach. While it imposes no

limitations on interfaces to facilitate unrestricted data flow, it provides

the ability to limit bandwidth at the client level, giving fine-grained

control over resource allocation.

With a capacity to manage up to 550 clients, the MikroTik CCR1036-

12G is positioned as a scalable and efficient option, particularly

suitable for medium-sized environments looking for robust Trunking

performance.

Conclusions

At the conclusion of this comprehensive research, key conclusions are

distilled that shed light on the strategic choice between Cisco and

MikroTik devices for ISPs in Ecuador.

Both vendors present options, and the choice between them must be

a careful reflection on current needs and vision for future scalability.

MikroTik is an efficient solution, especially beneficial for companies

with tighter budgets. Its ability to manage an appropriate number of

clients, as evidenced by the 1200 client base on the MikroTik

CCR2004-16G, is a key strength for enterprises looking for an

affordable and robust deployment.

In contrast, Cisco offers additional power and resources that are ideal

for businesses that aspire to expand and adapt to growing

connectivity demands. The Cisco ASR920, with a capacity of up to

2,800 clients, underlines its suitability for environments looking for a

larger infrastructure or more clients.

In conclusion, MikroTik provides an efficient solution for moderate

growth, while Cisco positions itself as a solid choice for companies

with expansive ambitions. The right choice will ultimately depend on

the long-term strategy of each ISP in Ecuador.

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y propuesta de implementación de IPSEC en un entorno IPV6.

Llimpe, D., & Tilio, Y. (2019). MODELO DE GESTIÓN DE SERVICIOS

DE RED CON RouterOS Mikrotik EN LA DISPONIBILIDAD DE

INFORMACIÓN DE LA RED DE DATOS DE LA ESCUELA

PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERÍA DE SISTEMAS DE LA

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE HUANCAVELICA. MODELO DE

GESTIÓN DE SERVICIOS DE RED CON RouterOS Mikrotik EN

LA DISPONIBILIDAD DE INFORMACIÓN DE LA RED DE

DATOS DE LA ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERÍA DE

SISTEMAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE

HUANCAVELICA.

Jimenez, A. V. (2017). Cisco IOS.

IT. (s.f.). routers Cisco 4000 ISR (Series Integrated Services Routers).

Obtenido de https://www.mercadoit.com/es/60-serie-4000

Mikrotik. (s.f.). Mikrotik.com. Obtenido de

https://mum.mikrotik.com/presentations/HN20/presentation_7

422_1580111784.pdf

Maturel, L. N. (2013). Interconexión de las redes mediante

enrutadores. Avanzada Científica, 16(2), 1-18.

Comparison of efficiency, security and stability between RouterOS from MikroTik and Cisco IOS,

in network engineering environments

Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes , / 2024/ , Vol. 14, No. 2

GIL, L. M. (2017). Geolocalización a través de direcciones IP.

RDUNED: revista de derecho UNED, 20, 283-301.

Castillo, J. A. (2020). Protocolo TCP/IP-¿ Qué es y cómo funciona?.

Becerra, P., & Yenn, N. (2022). Normas IEEE. Diss.

Cahuana, W. M. (2020). DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE CENTRAL

TELEFONICA IP EN ALTA DISPONIBILIDAD PARA EL

CONTROL DEL COSTO DE LAS LLAMADAS Y ENCRIPTACIÓN

DE ESTAS EN UNA EMPRESA PETROLERA.

Corona, A. E. (10 de 09 de 2004). PROTOCOLOS TCP/IP DE

INTERNET. Revista Digital Universitaria, v(8). Obtenido de

https://www.ru.tic.unam.mx/bitstream/handle/123456789/791/

sep_art51.pdf?sequence=

Durán, F. F., M, N. M., & Sánchez, M. M. (2008). Redes cableadas e

inalámbricas para transmisión de datos. Científica, 12(3), 113-

118. Obtenido de

https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/614/61411377003.pdf

Valencia Ayala, M. S., & Risueño Benítez, E. D. (2017). Diseño e

implementación de una red MANET con dispositivos de

comunicación móvil. Quito. Obtenido de

http://dspace.udla.edu.ec/handle/33000/7399

Barrero Lasso, J. D., Cortes Muñoz, C. D., & Moya Correa, L. M.

(2023). Análisis y diseño de una red LAN para la empresa

INFOTEC. Obtenido de

https://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/20.500.12494/54284