Impacto del estrés laboral en la prevalencia de síntomas de ansiedad en trabajadores de Guayaquil
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Existe una preocupación global respecto a la salud mental en las organizaciones. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el impacto del estrés laboral en la prevalencia de síntomas de ansiedad en trabajadores de la ciudad de Guayaquil. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y alcance causal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 114 participantes provenientes de distintos sectores laborales, seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado en formato digital, basado en el HSE Management Standards Indicator Tool para evaluar el nivel de estrés laboral, complementado con ítems orientados a medir síntomas de ansiedad en sus dimensiones cognitiva, fisiológica y conductual. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM). Los resultados evidenciaron un efecto positivo y estadísticamente significativo del estrés laboral sobre los síntomas de ansiedad (β = 0.629; p < 0.001). Asimismo, el modelo explicó el 39.5% de la varianza de la ansiedad. Se concluye que el estrés laboral constituye un factor relevante en la presencia de síntomas de ansiedad en trabajadores de Guayaquil, destacándose la importancia de implementar estrategias organizacionales de prevención, intervención y promoción de la salud mental.
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